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The Snowflakes can have most differ form. The most simple type of snowflake - a needles, columns and plates; the complicated types - acicular stars, tabular stars, hedgehogs from several columns, columns with plate or star on the end and etc. The Form snowflake depends on the temperature and moisture of the air: the most beautiful crystals (the snow stars) are formed at the temperature -14...-17°C, under more warm temperature are formed plates, but else under more warm - a needles and cones. The sizes snowflake is different too. The greater snowflakes (acicular stars) reach 4...5 mm. The Snowflakes often unite between itself in flakes with radius from 0.5 to 5 mm (existed the flakes and vastly greater size). The Snow flakes - a not infrequent phenomena, they be in 14% events under weak and in 92% events under strong snowfall. Formation flakes promote comparatively high temperature of the air, big density snowfall and other factors; the greater flakes are formed at calm and weak winds. Study of crystals In 1635 philosopher and mathematician Rene Descartes for the first time concerned with the description a type snowflake, examining closely their naked eyes. The Hypothesis about that that "nor one snowflake resembles on other" is founded on work Wilson Bentley (1865-1931) - an American farmer, which for the first time came to mind by means of microscope to take pictures the snowflakes in 1885. For his life he has done the picture more than 5 thousand snowflake - and nor one was not looks like another. For his love to snow crystal he have nicknamed – a SnowflakeMan. Per annum deaths Bentley was published book-catalogue snowflake. In 1951 International commission on Snow and Ice classified all hard precipitation on seven main and three additional types. The Japanese nuclear physicist Ukichiro Nakaya (1900-1962), commenced study crystal in 1932 after acquaintance with Wilson Bentley’s catalogue snowflake, created its book about snowflakes ("Snow crystals: natural and artificial", is published in 1954) and has defined the scheme to classification snowflake, in which he has subdivided them on 41 individual morphological types; he has for the first time defined the dependency of the form crystal from the temperature and moisture surrounding ambiences. Ukichiro Nakaya’s Museum of the Snow and Ice was found in scientist’s hometown Katayamazu. 
Classification of snowflakes (by Ukichiro Nakaya) The most complex and full classification had produced meteorologists Magono and C. W. Lee in 1966 - they described 80 types crystal. Interesting facts More than half of the population of the globe never saw the persisting snow. In language Eskimo for name of the snow are more than 20 words. About unusual correctness and symmetry of snowflake were conceived the Chinese in second age before AD. To Europeans this interest comes in average age. 1024 snowflakes fall out by one year. The Snow reflects 95% solar energy. That is to say under sun he can in general not to melt (that in mountain and occurs). It Melts on the other reason: in city on snow settles dust, on sun it is warmed and because of it snow are melts. |
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